Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential cofactors, and mitochondria contain several Fe-S proteins, including the [4Fe-4S] protein aconitase and the [2Fe-2S] protein ferredoxin. Fe-S cluster assembly of these proteins occurs within mitochondria. Although considerable data exist for yeast mitochondria, this biosynthetic process has never been directly demonstrated in mammalian mitochondria.

Read More: Fe-S cluster biogenesis in isolated mammalian mitochondria: coordinated use of persulfide sulfur and iron, and requirements for GTP, NADH, and ATP